Pearls are among the most elegant and timeless gems, adding sophistication and class to any jewellery collection. However, pearls are organic gemstones, making them more delicate than other gemstones like diamonds or sapphires. Proper care is essential to maintain their luster, prevent damage, and ensure their longevity.

In this guide, we’ll explore how to clean, store, and protect your pearl jewelry, along with expert tips to keep them looking flawless for years to come.

Why Are Pearls More Delicate Than Other Gemstones?

Unlike traditional gemstones, pearls are organic and formed inside mollusks. This natural process makes pearls unique but also more fragile compared to harder gemstones like diamonds, rubies, or emeralds.

Understanding the Structure of Pearls 

• Pearls are composed of calcium carbonate in the form of aragonite crystals, held together by an organic protein called conchiolin.
• This composition makes pearls softer, ranking 2.5 to 4.5 on the Mohs hardness scale, meaning they can be easily scratched.
• Pearls have a thin, delicate nacre layer that gives them their luminous glow but can wear away over time.

Factors That Can Damage Pearls

1. Harsh Chemicals – Perfumes, hairsprays, and cleaning agents can break down the nacre layer.
2. Sweat & Skin Oils – While wearing pearls regularly helps maintain their moisture, excessive body oils can dull their surface.
3. Abrasive Surfaces – Storing pearls with harder gemstones like diamonds can cause scratches.
4. Water & Humidity – Excess moisture can weaken the string in pearl necklaces and cause discolouration.

Tip: Always handle pearls gently and avoid rough surfaces to maintain their pristine condition.

How to Clean Your Pearl Jewellery Properly?

Pearls should be cleaned carefully using gentle methods to prevent damage to their delicate nacre. Unlike gold or diamond jewellery, pearls require specialized cleaning techniques.

Step-by-Step Guide to Cleaning Pearls

1. Use a Soft Cloth for Daily Maintenance

   • After wearing pearls, wipe them down with a soft, damp cloth to remove sweat and oils.
   • Avoid using rough fabrics or paper towels, which can scratch the surface.

2. Deep Cleaning Pearls at Home

   • Mix lukewarm water with a few drops of mild soap (baby shampoo works well).
   • Dip a soft cloth into the soapy water and gently wipe each pearl.
   • Never soak pearls in water, as it can weaken the string and damage the pearls.
   • Rinse with a separate damp cloth and let them air dry on a soft towel.

3. Professional Cleaning for Heavily Soiled Pearls

   • If your pearls have heavy buildup, take them to a professional jeweler who specializes in pearl cleaning.
   • Ultrasonic and steam cleaning should never be used on pearls as they can destroy the nacre.

How to Store Your Pearl Jewellery Safely?

Storing pearls correctly is just as important as cleaning them. Pearls can easily get scratched or lose their moisture if not stored properly.

Best Practices for Storing Pearl Jewellery

1. Use a Soft Jewellery Pouch or Box

   • Store pearls separately in a silk or velvet-lined jewellery box to prevent scratching.
   • Avoid plastic bags as they can trap moisture, leading to damage.

2. Keep Pearls Away from Heat and Direct Sunlight

   • Pearls need moisture to maintain their luster.
   • Prolonged exposure to heat and direct sunlight can cause pearls to dry out and become brittle.

3. Lay Pearl Necklaces Flat to Avoid Stretching

   • Hanging pearl necklaces can stretch the silk thread, weakening the knotting over time.
   • Always store them flat on a soft cloth.
   • 

How Often Should You Restring Your Pearl Necklaces?

Pearl necklaces are typically strung on silk or nylon thread, which can wear out over time. Regular restringing ensures that your necklace remains strong and secure.

Signs That Your Pearls Need Restringing

1. Gaps Between Pearls – If you notice spaces forming between pearls, the thread has likely stretched.
2. Fraying or Discoloration of the String – Yellowing or fraying means the thread is deteriorating.
3. Pearls Move Too Much – Pearls should be snugly knotted to prevent rubbing. If they feel loose, it’s time for restringing.

How Often Should Pearls Be Restrung?

• Regular Wear: Every 12-18 months
• Occasional Wear: Every 2-3 years
• Antique or Heirloom Pieces: More frequently to prevent breakage

📌 Tip: Always choose hand-knotting between pearls to prevent them from rubbing together and to protect against accidental breakage.

Common Mistakes to Avoid When Caring for Pearls 

Even with the best intentions, some common mistakes can shorten the lifespan of your pearl jewelry.

Biggest Pearl Care Mistakes

1. Wearing Pearls While Swimming or Showering

   • Chlorine, saltwater, and soap can erode the nacre and weaken the silk thread.

2. Using Chemical Jewelry Cleaners

   • Never use silver polish, ammonia, or ultrasonic cleaners on pearls.

3. Applying Perfume or Hairspray After Wearing Pearls

   • Sprays and alcohol-based products can cause pearls to lose their shine.
   • Always apply perfumes and lotions before putting on pearl jewelry.

4. Ignoring Professional Maintenance

   • If pearls appear dull or yellowish, they may need professional treatment.

📌 Tip: Follow the "last on, first off" rule: Pearls should be the last thing you put on and the first thing you take off.

FAQ Section

1. Can pearls get wet?

No, pearls should not be submerged in water. Moisture can weaken the silk thread, causing it to stretch or break.

2. How do I make my pearls shiny again?

Wipe pearls with a soft, damp cloth after each wear. For deep cleaning, use mild soap and water, but never soak them.

3. How do I prevent my pearl necklace from turning yellow?

Store pearls in a cool, dry place, avoid exposure to heat and chemicals, and wear them regularly to maintain their luster.

4. Can I store my pearls in a plastic bag?

No, plastic bags can trap moisture and emit chemicals that can damage pearls. Use a silk or soft fabric pouch instead.

5. Should I wear pearls every day?

Yes! Wearing pearls often keeps them hydrated, but avoid exposure to chemicals, rough surfaces, and extreme temperatures.

Final Thoughts on Pearl Care

Pearls are delicate yet durable when cared for correctly. By following these cleaning, storage, and maintenance tips, you can ensure that your pearl jewelry remains beautiful and radiant for generations.

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